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Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION            1

YOU ARE VERY, VERY, VERY SPECIAL; YOUR LIFE IS A MIRACLE, DON’T WASTE IT, BUILD SOMETHING GREAT YOU CAN BE PROUD OF  23

NAVIGATING THE BOOK: THE SCHEMATIC AND THE LIST OF CONCLUSIONS   30

A.             The Schematic                33

B.             Conclusions    39

PART 1 OF THE BOOK: THE DUTY OF A FOUNDATIONAL GENERATION AND THE GRANDE PROKALPO AS A WORTHWHILE INSPIRATIONAL GOAL   44

A.             Morality for a Foundational Generation: Ethics, Duty, Morality, Kindness and Honor      45

The Importance of Altruism and Duty              48

Comprehensive Utilitarianism             48

B.             The Preservation of Enlightened Culture and the Grande Prokalpo             51

C.             The Two Alternative Futures for Humanity   53

D.             Single Point Failure Risk for Democracy and Enlightened Culture                55

E.             The Grande Prokalpo as an Inspirational Duty           76

F.              The Morality of the Grande Prokalpo in a Present World Beset by Inequities and Misery               80

Test of Reason for Morality and the Total Utilitarian Measure          82

The Marginal Positive Impact of an Action   83

Morality, Maximizing the Utility Function, and the Test of Reason.               84

Utility Maximization and Morality       85

A Utility Function          85

Optimal Resource Allocation                86

What Choice of ,  and g Makes Us Moral?                86

The Galactic Foundational Multiplier Does Not Imply that No Resources Should Go to Extant Humans           87

Goal Programming and Morality         89

Criticism and Consistency    91

The Achievements of Our Intrepid Ancestors             95

Build, Rather than Worry About Criticism    95

G.            Risky Beliefs and Behaviors and Wishful Thinking 98

H.            Culture Needed for the Success of the Grande Prokalpo And Some Observations About Current Culture      102

Continued Prevalence of Wars            104

Vicarious Lives and Alienation from Real Lives         104

Desperate Frenetic Consumerism   105

Age of Dissatisfaction                106

Lack of a Plan for Successful Relationships                106

Lack of Workable Plans for Different Generations to be Part of the Same Team                  109

Declining Interest in Family Lives      109

Decrease in Contact With Actual Humans 110

Worsening Mental Health of Children             110

Flawed Culture Provided to Youth     111

Lack of Well-Functioning Communities        111

The Denial of Nature and Life Stages               112

Lack of Work that Creates Strong Individuals            112

Failure of Economic Systems to Create Strong Societies/Communities, Growing Inequality, and Desperate Frenetic Consumerism           113

Failure of Economists on the Left      113

Failure of Economists on the Right  115

Common Failure of the Left and the Right: The Consumerism Fallacy and Desperate Frenetic Consumerism              116

The Impact of Free Trade Agreements and Trade Deficits 117

Preserving the Virtues of Free Markets by Controlling Amount of Economic Inequality With Negative Income Taxes                 119

Goal Programming Rather than GDP and Income Maximization  120

Loss of Religion              120

Declining, Terminal, and Stable Cultures     121

Improvements Are Needed to Our Culture 122

I.               The Need for Communities   123

Foundational Generation Communities (FGCs)      124

Multiple Foundational Generation Communities   125

Allotment of Space Habitations (SHs) for Different Foundational Generation Communities.   126

J.               The Preservation of Languages and Literatures        128

K.             Morality of Humans’ Impact on Other Species         129

Kindness to Animals  130

L.              The Ethical Treatment of Alien Life   132

M.            The End of Wars             135

Humanity’s History of Endless Wars                 136

Mechanisms for Ending Wars               137

A War of Aggression: Cowardice or Stupidity?           144

Dealing With Aggressive Philosophies            144

End of Wars in Space                  145

PART 2 OF THE BOOK: TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF HUMAN SPACE COLONIZATION (HSC)            146

A.             The Difference Between Knowledge and Technology            149

Technology that Won’t Happen           149

Technology that Will Happen                 150

B.             Technology and the Colonization of Space 152

Not Science Fiction, Just Science     153

C.             Phase 1: Colonizing Our Solar System            154

Physical Requirements for a Space Habitation (SH)              154

Gravity                  155

Agriculture        155

Protection from Radiation in Space 155

Luxurious Accommodations and Other Physical Necessities for the Best Lives                 156

Design for a Space Habitation (SH) 157

The Outer Shell and Solar Panels      159

Agricultural Zone          160

Zone: Human Habitation         168

3 Layers of Clear Film and Air Turbulence Inside the SH    171

Earth’s Gravity in the SH           173

Counter-Rotating Tubes’ Sections    174

Location of the SHs    176

SHs Docked to a Ring With an Electromagnetic Rail for Transport               176

Ecosystem Equilibrium for a Space Habitation (SH)              178

Modular Construction of the Space Habitation (SH)             179

Technology and the Availability of Energy and Raw Materials in Space    179

Comparison of Delta-vs for Moving Materials from Earth and from Celestial Bodies, the Moon is the Initial Winner 179

Maglev Launch of Raw Materials from Earth               182

Carrying Capacity of Our Solar System Based on the Amount of Raw Materials Available for Space Habitations (SHs)          184

Initial Solar Sustainable Carrying Capacity Multiplier (ISCCM)     185

Humanity of the Kardashev Scale After it Colonizes its Solar System       186

A More Meaningful Scale         187

New Discipline of Engineering and Economics and Exponential Growth Through Self-Replication       188

A Change in How We View Space is Needed               189

Trial SHs on Earth         190

Some Trial SHs from the Past and the Present          190

A Properly Designed Trial SH on Earth             194

A Dispersed Trial SH on Earth               196

The Culture of an SH 196

Colonize Planets and Moons or Build SHs?                 197

Eating Venus, there will be Challenges           206

Interesting and Imaginative but Likely Unworkable Ideas for HSC                206

Communication and Feedback           212

ICV Design Numbers 214

Various Tradeoffs in ICV Design: Objective Function Maximization or Goal Programming?        214

ICV Flotilla Population               216

The ICV Engine                217

Tsiolkovsky Rocket Equation, Gravity Assist, and Destination Orbital Velocity   220

Initial Mass and Final Mass Per Capita           227

Energy Requirements for ICVs              228

Chemical, Fusion, or Fission Energy to Power an ICV           231

Cosmic Dust and Grains         235

Tether Weight, Acceleration, and Engine Power       236

Tether Weight 236

Acceleration    238

Engine Power  238

Redundancy and Reduction of Risk 240

Varied Environments for Flotilla Inhabitants               240

There is No Planet B?                  243

THE THREAT OF ALIEN COLONIZATION, AN OUTCOME MUCH WORSE THAN AN EXTINCTION EVENT              252

Answer to Fermi’s question: They may be on their way!      253

To or Not to ICV Flotillas?        273

The Society of an ICV                  274

Conservative Estimates           276

The Gliese 710 Alternative      278

Carrying Capacity of Our Galaxy Based on the Amount of Raw Materials Available for SHs      278

The Galactic Foundational Multiplier of Our Galaxy               279

Table of Sustainable Carrying Capacities and Multipliers 279

D.             Phase 3: The Colonization of Other Galaxies              281

E.             Visionaries        286

PART 3 OF THE BOOK: THE THREAT OF ALIEN COLONIZATION, AN OUTCOME MUCH WORSE THAN AN EXTINCTION EVENT          287

A.             SETI, Fermi Paradox, Dyson Spheres, and Their Expected Waste-Heat Signatures           288

B.             Answer to Fermi’s question: They may be on their way!      292

PART 4 OF THE BOOK: HUMANITY’S NEXT THOUSAND YEARS; TIMELINE FOR HUMAN SPACE COLONIZATION (HSC)          300

A.             The Correct Time Horizon for Decisions        302

APPENDICES  315

A.             Appendix A: How Long Can the Earth Provide Resources for Humanity?                 315

B.             Appendix B: Carrying Capacity of Space Based on the Amount of Raw Materials Available for SHs     319

Appendix C: Gravity Assist (GA) and the Orbit Reversal Maneuver               324

The Orbital Reversal Gravity Assist Maneuver            333

Departure Velocity from the Solar System After Gravity Assist      335

Gravitational Potential of Stars and its Impact on ICVs’ Departure Velocity          335

Gain from the Orbital Reverse Gravity Assist Maneuver     337

Gravity Assist and Science    338

C.             Appendix D: The Oberth Effect             340

D.             Appendix E: Single Pulse Communication Over Very Long Distances       345

E.             Appendix F: The Loving Gene, the Altruistic Gene, the Dutiful Gene, Fisher’s Principle, Evolutionary Group Competition and Selection, Altruism, Loyalty, and Commitment to Duty      351

Why Do We Die? The Theory of Entropy Versus Maximal Reproductive Cycle and Lifespans     354

Evolution and Entropy                360

Elysia Marginata and Elysia Atroviridis, the Two-Speed Organisms             361

Fisher’s Principle as a Special Case, Group Competition and Selection, and Altruism and Loyalty     363

Introduction: Fisher’s Principle as a Special Case of a BSR Model              364

BSR Model with Fisher’s Principle as a Special Case            365

Group Evolutionary Competition and Selection and Its Implication for the Birth Sex Ratio        366

Data from the Natural World: Birth Sex Ratio During and After Wars, the Differential Geographical Distribution of Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial Haplogroups, and BSR Differences Across Ethnicities       370

Evolutionary Group Competition and Selection, Altruism, Loyalty and Commitment to Duty 373

Criticisms of Group Selection and Their Rebuttal  374

The Appropriate Level of Abstraction for Analysis  375

More Points in Favor of Group Selection       377

Normative Values and Positive Evolution     379

F.              Appendix G: The Validity of My Conclusions               381

BIBLIOGRAPHY              383